April 22 - Events

Events

• 238 – Year of the Six Emperors: The Roman Senate outlaws emperor Maximinus Thrax for his bloodthirsty proscriptions in Rome and nominates two of its members, Pupienus and Balbinus, to the throne.
• 1500 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil.
• 1529 – Treaty of Saragossa divides the eastern hemisphere between Spain and Portugal along a line 297.5 leagues or 17° east of the Moluccas.
• 1809 – The second day of the Battle of Eckmühl sees the Austrian army defeated by the First French Empirearmy led by Napoleon I of France and driven over the Danube at Regensburg.
• 1836 – Texas Revolution: A day after the Battle of San Jacinto, forces under Texas General Sam Houstoncapture Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Grierson's Raid begins – troops under Union Army Colonel Benjamin Griersonattack central Mississippi.
• 1864 – The U.S. Congress passes the Coinage Act of 1864 which mandates that the inscription "In God We Trust" be placed on all coins minted as United States currency.
• 1889 – At high noon, thousands rush to claim land in the Land Run of 1889. Within hours the cities ofOklahoma City and Guthrie are formed with populations of at least 10,000.
• 1898 – Spanish-American War: The United States Navy begins a blockade of Cuban ports and theUSS Nashville captures a Spanish merchant ship.
• 1906 – The 1906 Summer Olympics, not now recognized as part of the official Olympic Games, open in Athens.
• 1912 – Pravda, the "voice" of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, begins publication in Saint Petersburg.
• 1915 – The use of poison gas in World War I escalates when chlorine gas is released as a chemical weapon in the Second Battle of Ypres.
• 1930 – The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limitingshipbuilding.
• 1944 – World War II: Operation Persecution is initiated – Allied forces land in the Hollandia (currently known as Jayapura) area of New Guinea.
• 1945 – World War II: Prisoners at the Jasenovac concentration camp revolt. 520 are killed and 80 escape.
• 1945 – World War II: Fuehrerbunker: After learning that Soviet forces have taken Eberswalde without a fight, Adolf Hitler admits defeat in his underground bunker and states that suicide is his only recourse.
• 1954 – Red Scare: The Army-McCarthy Hearings begin.
• 1964 – The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair opens for its first season.
• 1969 – British yachtsman Sir Robin Knox-Johnston completes the first solo non-stop circumnavigation of the world.
• 1970 – The first Earth Day is celebrated.
• 1972 – Vietnam War: Increased American bombing in Vietnam prompts anti-war protests in Los Angeles, New York City, and San Francisco.
• 1979 – The Albert Einstein Memorial is unveiled at The National Academy of Sciences in Washington, DC.
• 1983 – The German magazine Der Stern claims that the "Hitler Diaries" had been found in wreckage in East Germany; the diaries are subsequently revealed to be forgeries.
• 1991 – The Social Democratic Party of Albania is founded.
• 1992 – In an explosion in Guadalajara, Mexico, 206 people are killed, nearly 500 injured and 15,000 left homeless.
• 1993 – The Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C. is dedicated.
• 1993 – Version 1.0 of the Mosaic web browser is released.
• 1997 – Haouch Khemisti massacre in Algeria – 93 villagers killed.
• 1997 – The Japanese embassy hostage crisis ends in Lima, Peru.
• 1998 – Disney's Animal Kingdom opens at Walt Disney World near Orlando, Florida, United States.
• 2000 – In a pre-dawn raid, federal agents seize six-year-old Elián González from his relatives' home in Miami, Florida.
• 2000 – The Big Number Change takes place in the United Kingdom.
• 2000 – Second Battle of Elephant Pass, Tamil Tigers capture a strategic Sri Lankan Army base and hold it for 8 years.
• 2004 – Two fuel trains collide in Ryongchon, North Korea, killing up to 150 people.
• 2005 – Japan's Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi apologized about Japan's war records.
• 2006 – 243 people are injured in pro-democracy protest in Nepal after Nepali security forces open fire on protesters against King Gyanendra.
• 2008 – The United States Air Force retires the remaining F-117 Nighthawk aircraft in service.
• 2010 – Deepwater Horizon, an oil rig owned by BP and Transocean, sinks to the bottom of the Gulf Of Mexico after having a blowout two days earlier. The well then created the largest oil spill in U.S. history by constantly gushing oil through the damaged wellhead. People along the Gulf Coast are working to clean oil from the Gulf and stop the rig from leaking with support from BP.