Deaths
- 521 – Magnus Felix Ennodius, bishop and Latin poet (b. 474)
- 656 – Uthman ibn Affan, Third Caliph, assassinated.
- 924 – King Edward the Elder of England
- 1070 – Baldwin VI, Count of Flanders (b. 1030)
- 1453 – Dmitry Shemyaka, Grand Prince of Moscow 1445, 1446-1447, poisoned in Veliky Novgorod by Vasily Tyomny's agents
- 1453 – John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury, English military leader
- 1531 – Hosokawa Takakuni, Japanese military commander (b. 1484)
- 1566 – Bartolomé de Las Casas, Spanish priest (b. 1484)
- 1571 – Georg Fabricius, German poet and historian (b. 1516)
- 1588 – Mimar Sinan, Ottoman architect (b. 1489)
- 1645 – Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset, Scottish politician
- 1704 – Pierre-Charles Le Sueur, French fur trader and explorer
- 1709 – Robert Bolling, English settler in Virginia (b. 1646)
- 1790 – Adam Smith, Scottish economist and philosopher (b. 1723)
- 1791 – Martin Dobrizhoffer, Austrian Jesuit missionary (b. 1717)
- 1793 – Charlotte Corday, French aristocrat and murderer (b. 1768)
- 1794 – John Roebuck, British inventor (b. 1718)
- 1845 – Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1764)
- 1878 – Aleardo Aleardi, Italian poet (b. 1812)
- 1879 – Maurycy Gottlieb, Ukrainian painter (b. 1856)
- 1881 – Jim Bridger, American mountain man, Indian fighter, and explorer (b. 1804)
- 1885 – Jean-Charles Chapais, Canadian politician (b. 1811)
- 1887 – Dorothea Dix, American social activist (b. 1802)
- 1893 – Frederick A. Johnson, American politician (b. 1833)
- 1894 – Josef Hyrtl, Austrian anatomist (b. 1810)
- 1894 – Charles-Marie-René Leconte de Lisle, French poet (b. 1818)
- 1907 – Hector Malot, French writer (b. 1830)
- 1912 – Henri Poincaré, French mathematician (b. 1854)
- 1918 – Family of Emperor Nicholas II Alexandrovich (b. 1868)
- Empress Alexandra Fyodorovna (b. 1872)
- Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna (b. 1895)
- Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna (b. 1897)
- Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna (b. 1899)
- Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna (b. 1901)
- Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich (b. 1904)
- 1928 – Giovanni Giolitti, Italian statesman (b. 1842)
- 1935 – George William Russell, Irish nationalist, poet and artist (b. 1867)
- 1944 – William James Sidis, gifted mathematician and child prodigy (b. 1898)
- 1945 – Ernst Busch, German field marshal (b. 1885)
- 1946 – General Dragoljub Mihailović, commandant of the Yugoslav Royal Army in the Fatherland (b. 1893)
- 1950 – Evangeline Booth, the 4th General of The Salvation Army (b. 1865)
- 1959 – Billie Holiday, American singer (b. 1915)
- 1959 – Eugene Meyer, American businessman and newspaper publisher (b. 1875)
- 1961 – Ty Cobb, baseball player (b. 1886)
- 1967 – John Coltrane, American musician (b. 1926)
- 1974 – Dizzy Dean, Major League baseball pitcher (b. 1910)
- 1975 – Konstantine Gamsakhurdia, Georgian writer and public benefactor (b. 1893)
- 1980 – Boris Delaunay, Russian mathematician (b. 1890)
- 1987 – Yujiro Ishihara, Japanese actor (b. 1934)
- 1988 – Frank Goodish, professional wrestler (b. 1946)
- 1989 – Itubwa Amram, Nauruan pastor and politician (b. 1922)
- 1995 – Juan Manuel Fangio, Argentinian race car driver (b. 1911)
- 1996 – Chas Chandler, bass guitarist (The Animals), record producer and manager (b. 1938)
- 2001 – Katharine Graham, American publisher (b. 1917)
- 2003 – David Kelly, Welsh UN weapons inspector (b. 1944)
- 2003 – Rosalyn Tureck, American pianist and harpsichordist (b. 1914)
- 2004 – Pat Roach, British professional wrestler and actor (b. 1937)
- 2005 – Laurel Aitken, Jamaican singer (b. 1927)
- 2005 – Geraldine Fitzgerald, Irish-born actress (b. 1913)
- 2005 – Edward Heath, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1916)
- 2005 – Gavin Lambert, British-born screenwriter (b. 1924)
- 2005 – Joe Vialls, Australian writer (b. 1944)
- 2006 – Sam Myers, American musician and songwriter (b. 1936)
- 2006 – Mickey Spillane, American author (b. 1918)
- 2007 – Júlio Redecker, Brazilian politician (b. 1956)
- 2008 – Larry Haines, American actor (b. 1918)
- 2009 – Walter Cronkite, American broadcast journalist (b. 1916)
- 2009 – Leszek Kołakowski, Polish philosopher (b. 1927)
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