March 11 - Events

Events

• 222 – Emperor Elagabalus is assassinated, along with his mother, Julia Soaemias, by the Praetorian Guardduring a revolt. Their mutilated bodies are dragged through the streets of Rome before thrown into the Tiber.
• 1387 – Battle of Castagnaro: English condottiero Sir John Hawkwood leads Padova to victory in a factional clash with Verona.
• 1649 – The Frondeurs and the French sign the Peace of Rueil.
• 1702 – The Daily Courant, England's first national daily newspaper is published for the first time.
• 1708 – Queen Anne withholds Royal Assent from the Scottish Militia Bill, the last time a British monarch vetoes legislation.
• 1824 – The United States War Department creates the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
• 1845 – The Flagstaff War: Unhappy with translational differences regarding the Treaty of Waitangi, chiefsHone Heke, Kawiti and Māori tribe members chop down the British flagpole for a fourth time and drive settlers out of Kororareka, New Zealand.
• 1848 – Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine and Robert Baldwin become the first Prime Ministers of the Province of Canada to be democratically elected under a system of responsible government.
• 1851 – The first performance of Rigoletto by Giuseppe Verdi takes place in Venice.
• 1861 – American Civil War: The Constitution of the Confederate States of America is adopted.
• 1864 – The Great Sheffield Flood: The largest man-made disaster ever to befall England kills over 250 people in Sheffield.
• 1867 – The first performance of Don Carlos by Giuseppe Verdi takes place in Paris.
• 1872 – Construction of the Seven Sisters Colliery, South Wales, begins; located on one of the richest coal sources in Britain.
• 1872 – The Meiji Japanese government officially annexes the Ryukyu Kingdom into what would become the Okinawa prefecture.
• 1888 – The Great Blizzard of 1888 begins along the eastern seaboard of the United States, shutting down commerce and killing more than 400.
• 1917 – World War I: Baghdad falls to Anglo-Indian forces commanded by General Stanley Maude.
• 1927 – In New York City, Samuel Roxy Rothafel opens the Roxy Theatre.
• 1931 – Ready for Labour and Defence of the USSR, abbreviated as GTO, is introduced in the Soviet Union.
• 1941 – World War II: President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Lend-Lease Act into law, allowing American-built war supplies to be shipped to the Allies on loan.
• 1942 – World War II: General Douglas MacArthur abandons Corregidor.
• 1945 – World War II: The Imperial Japanese Navy attempts a large-scale kamikaze attack on the U.S. Pacific Fleet anchored at Ulithi atoll in Operation Tan No. 2.
• 1977 – The 1977 Hanafi Muslim Siege: more than 130 hostages held in Washington, D.C., by Hanafi Muslims are set free after ambassadors from three Islamic nations join negotiations.
• 1978 – Coastal Road massacre: At least 37 are killed and more than 70 are wounded when Al Fatah hijack an Israeli bus, prompting Israel's Operation Litani.
• 1985 – Mikhail Gorbachev becomes the Soviet Union's leader.
• 1990 – Lithuania declares itself independent from the Soviet Union.
• 1990 – Patricio Aylwin is sworn-in as the first democratically elected Chilean president since 1970.
• 1993 – Janet Reno is confirmed by the United States Senate and sworn-in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States.
• 1999 – Infosys becomes the first Indian company listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange.
• 2004 – Madrid train bombings: Simultaneous explosions on rush hour trains in Madrid, Spain, kill 191 people.
• 2006 – Michelle Bachelet is inaugurated as first female president of Chile.
• 2009 – Winnenden school shooting – 17 people are killed at a school in Germany.