September 11 - Events

Events

• 9 – The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends.
• 506 – The bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in theCouncil of Agde.
• 1185 – Isaac II Angelus kills Stephanus Hagiochristophorites and then appeals to the people, resulting in the revolt that deposes Andronicus I Comnenus and places Isaac on the throne of theByzantine Empire.
• 1226 – The Roman Catholic practice of public adoration of the Blessed Sacrament outside of Mass spreads from monasteries to parishes.
• 1297 – Battle of Stirling Bridge: Scots jointly-led byWilliam Wallace and Andrew Moray defeat the English.
• 1390 – Lithuanian Civil War (1389–1392): the Teutonic Knights begin a five-week siege ofVilnius.
• 1541 – Santiago, Chile, is destroyed by indigenous warriors, lead by Michimalonko.
• 1609 – Expulsion order announced against the Moriscos of Valencia; beginning of the expulsion of all Spain's Moriscos.
• 1609 – Henry Hudson discovers Manhattan Island and the indigenous people living there.
• 1649 – Siege of Drogheda ends: Oliver Cromwell's English Parliamentarian troops take the town and execute its garrison.
• 1697 – Battle of Zenta.
• 1708 – Charles XII of Sweden stops his march to conquer Moscow outside Smolensk, marking the turning point in the Great Northern War. The army is defeated nine months later in the Battle of Poltava, and the Swedish empire ceases to be a major power.
• 1709 – Battle of Malplaquet: Great Britain, Netherlands and Austria fight against France.
• 1714 – Siege of Barcelona: Barcelona, capital city of Catalonia, surrenders to Spanishand French Bourbon armies in the War of the Spanish Succession.
• 1758 – Battle of Saint Cast: France repels British invasion during the Seven Years' War.
• 1775 – Benedict Arnold's expedition to Quebec leaves Cambridge, Massachusetts.
• 1777 – American Revolution: Battle of Brandywine – The British celebrate a major victory in Chester County, Pennsylvania.
• 1786 – The Beginning of the Annapolis Convention.
• 1792 – The Hope Diamond is stolen along with other French crown jewels when six men break into the house used to store them.
• 1802 – France annexes the Kingdom of Piedmont.
• 1813 – War of 1812: British troops arrive in Mount Vernon and prepare to march to and invade Washington D.C..
• 1814 – War of 1812: The climax of the Battle of Plattsburgh, a major United States victory in the war.
• 1829 – Surrender of the expedition led by Isidro Barradas at Tampico, sent by the Spanish crown in order to retake Mexico, This was the final consummation of Mexican independence.
• 1857 – The Mountain Meadows Massacre: Mormon settlers and Paiutes massacre 120 pioneers at Mountain Meadows, Utah.
• 1897 – After months of pursuit, generals of Menelik II of Ethiopia capture Gaki Sherocho, the last king of Kaffa, bringing an end to that ancient kingdom.
• 1903 – The first race at The Milwaukee Mile in West Allis, Wisconsin is held. It is the oldest major speedway in the world.
• 1914 – Australia invades New Britain, defeating a German contingent at the Battle of Bita Paka.
• 1916 – The Quebec Bridge's central span collapses, killing 11 men. The bridge initially collapsed in toto on August 29, 1907.
• 1919 – U.S. Marines invade Honduras.
• 1921 – Nahalal, the first moshav in Palestine, is settled as part of a Zionist plan to colonize Palestine and creating a Jewish state, later to be Israel.
• 1922 – The British Mandate of Palestine begins.
• 1922 – The Treaty of Kars is ratified in Yerevan, Armenia.
• 1931 – Salvatore Maranzano is murdered by Charles Luciano's hitmen.
• 1932 – Franciszek Żwirko and Stanisław Wigura, Polish Challenge 1932 winners, are killed when their RWD 6 airplane crashes during a storm.
• 1940 – George Stibitz performs the first remote operation of a computer.
• 1941 – Ground is broken for the construction of The Pentagon.
• 1941 – Charles Lindbergh's Des Moines Speech accusing the British, Jews and theRoosevelt administration of pressing for war with Germany.
• 1943 – World War II: German troops occupy Corsica and Kosovo-Metohija.
• 1943 – World War II: Start of the liquidation of the Ghettos in Minsk and Lida by theNazis.
• 1944 – World War II: The first Allied troops of the U.S. Army cross the western border of Germany.
• 1944 – World War II: RAF bombing raid on Darmstadt and the following firestorm kill 11,500.
• 1945 – World War II: Australian 9th Division forces liberate the Japanese-run Batu Lintang camp, a POW and civilian internment camp on the island of Borneo.
• 1961 – Foundation of the World Wildlife Fund.
• 1968 – Air France Flight 1611 crashes off Nice, France, killing 89 passengers and 6 crew.
• 1970 – The Dawson's Field hijackers release 88 of their hostages. The remaining hostages, mostly Jews and Israeli citizens, are held until September 25.
• 1971 – The Egyptian Constitution becomes official.
• 1973 – A coup in Chile headed by General Augusto Pinochet topples the democratically elected president Salvador Allende. Pinochet remains in power for almost 17 years.
• 1974 – Eastern Air Lines Flight 212 crashes in Charlotte, North Carolina, killing 69 passengers and two crew.
• 1978 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter, President Anwar Sadat of Egypt, and Prime MinisterMenachem Begin of Israel meet at Camp David and agree on the Camp David Accords a framework for peace between Israel and Egypt and a comprehensive peace in the Middle East.
• 1980 – Voters approve the present Constitution of Chile.
• 1982 – The international forces that were guaranteeing the safety of Palestinian refugeesfollowing Israel's 1982 Invasion of Lebanon leave Beirut. Five days later, several thousand refugees are massacred in the Sabra and Shatila refugee camps.
• 1988 – The St Jean Bosco massacre takes place in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
• 1989 – The Iron Curtain opens between the communist Hungary and Austria. From Hungary thousands of East Germans throng to Austria and West Germany.
• 1992 – Hurricane Iniki, one of the most damaging hurricanes in United States history, devastates Hawaii.
• 1997 – NASA's Mars Global Surveyor reaches Mars.
• 1997 – After a nationwide referendum, Scotland votes to establish a devolved parliament, within the United Kingdom.
• 1997 – 14 Estonian soldiers die in the Kurkse tragedy, drowning in the Baltic Sea
• 1998 – Opening ceremony for the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia. Malaysia is the first Asian country to host the games.
• 2001 – The September 11 attacks take place in the United States. Airplane hijackingsresult in the collapse of the World Trade Center in New York City, damage to The Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, and the crashing of a passenger airliner near Shanksville, Pennsylvania.
• 2004 – All passengers are killed when a helicopter crashes in the Aegean Sea. Passengers include Patriarch Peter VII of Alexandria and 16 others (including journalists and bishops of the Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria).
• 2007 – Russia tests the largest conventional weapon ever, the Father of all bombs.