September 7 - Events

Events

• 70 – A Roman army under Titus occupies and plundersJerusalem.
• 1191 – Third Crusade: Battle of Arsuf – Richard I of England defeats Saladin at Arsuf.
• 1652 – Around 15,000 Han farmers and militia rebelagainst Dutch rule on Taiwan.
• 1776 – World's first submarine attack: the Americansubmersible craft Turtle attempts to attach a time bombto the hull of British Admiral Richard Howe's flagshipHMS Eagle in New York Harbor.
• 1812 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Borodino – Napoleonwins a Pyrrhic victory over the Russian army ofAlexander I near the village of Borodino.
• 1818 – Carl III of Sweden-Norway is crowned king ofNorway, in Trondheim.
• 1821 – The Republic of Gran Colombia (a federation covering much of present dayVenezuela, Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador) is established, with Simón Bolívar as the founding President and Francisco de Paula Santander as vice president.

Brazil declares independence.

• 1822 – Dom Pedro I declares Brazilindependent from Portugal on the shores of the Ipiranga creek in São Paulo.
• 1860 – Steamship Lady Elgin sinks on Lake Michigan, with the loss of around 400 lives.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Atlanta, Georgia, is evacuated on orders of Union GeneralWilliam Tecumseh Sherman.
• 1876 – In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse Jamesand the James-Younger Gang attempt to rob the town's bank but are driven off by armed citizens.
• 1893 – The Genoa Cricket & Athletic Club, to become the first Italian football club, is established by British expats.
• 1895 – The first game of what would become known as rugby league football is played, in England, starting the 1895-96 Northern Rugby Football Union season.
• 1901 – The Boxer Rebellion in China officially ends with the signing of the Boxer Protocol.
• 1906 – Alberto Santos-Dumont flies his 14-bis aircraft at Bagatelle, France for the first time successfully.
• 1907 – Cunard Line's RMS Lusitania sets sail on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England to New York City.
• 1909 – Eugene Lefebvre (1878–1909), while test piloting a new French-built Wrightbiplane, crashes at Juvisy, France when his controls jam. Lefebvre dies, becoming the first 'pilot' in the world to lose his life in a powered heavier-than-air craft.
• 1911 – French poet Guillaume Apollinaire is arrested and put in jail on suspicion of stealing the Mona Lisa from the Louvre museum.
• 1916 – Federal employees win the right to Workers' compensation by Federal Employers Liability Act (39 Stat. 742; 5 U.S.C. 751)
• 1920 – Two newly purchased Savoia flying boats crash in the Swiss Alps en-route to Finland where they would serve with the Suomen Ilmavoimat, killing both crews.
• 1921 – In Atlantic City, New Jersey, the first Miss America Pageant, a two-day event, is held.
• 1922 – In Aydin, Turkey, independence of Aydin, from Greek occupation.
• 1927 – The first fully electronic television system is achieved by Philo Taylor Farnsworth.
• 1929 – Steamer Kuru capsizes and sinks on Lake Näsijärvi near Tampere in Finland. 136 lives are lost.
• 1936 – The last surviving member of the thylacine species, Benjamin, dies alone in her cage at the Hobart Zoo in Tasmania.
• 1940 – World War II: The Blitz – Nazi Germany begins to rain bombs on London. This will be the first of 57 consecutive nights of bombing.
• 1940 – Treaty of Craiova: Romania loses Southern Dobrudja to Bulgaria.
• 1942 – Holocaust: 8,700 Jews of Kolomyia (western Ukraine) sent by German Gestapo to death camp in Belzec.
• 1942 – First flight of the Consolidated B-32 Dominator.
• 1943 – A fire at the Gulf Hotel in Houston, Texas, kills 55 people.
• 1943 – World War II: The German 17th Army begins its evacuation of the Kuban Riverbridgehead (Taman Peninsula) in southern Russia and moves across the Strait of Kerchto the Crimea.
• 1945 – Japanese forces on Wake Island, which they had held since December of 1941, surrender to U.S. Marines.
• 1953 – Nikita Khrushchev is elected first secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
• 1963 – The Pro Football Hall of Fame opens in Canton, Ohio with 17 charter members.
• 1965 – China announces that it will reinforce its troops on the Indian border.
• 1965 – Vietnam War: In a follow-up to August's Operation Starlight, United States Marines and South Vietnamese forces initiate Operation Piranha on the Batangan Peninsula.
• 1970 – Fighting between Arab guerrillas and government forces in Amman, Jordan.
• 1970 – Bill Shoemaker sets record for most lifetime wins as a jockey (passing Johnny Longden).
• 1977 – The Torrijos-Carter Treaties between Panama and the United States on the status of the Panama Canal are signed. The United States agrees to transfer control of the canal to Panama at the end of the 20th century.
• 1978 – While walking across Waterloo Bridge in London, Bulgarian dissident Georgi Markov is assassinated by Bulgarian secret police agent Francesco Giullino by means of a ricin pellet fired from a specially-designed umbrella.
• 1978 – British Prime Minister James Callaghan announces that he will not call a general election for October, considered to be a major political blunder (see Winter of Discontent,United Kingdom general election, 1979)
• 1979 – The Entertainment and Sports Programming Network, better known as ESPN, makes its debut.
• 1979 – The Chrysler Corporation asks the United States government for USD $1.5 billion to avoid bankruptcy.
• 1986 – Desmond Tutu becomes the first black man to lead the Anglican Church in South Africa.
• 1986 – Gen. Augusto Pinochet, president of Chile, escapes attempted assassination.
• 1988 – Abdul Ahad Mohmand, the first Afghan in space, returns aboard the Sovietspacecraft Soyuz TM-5 after 9 days on the Mir space station.
• 1996 – American Hip-Hop star Tupac Shakur is fatally shot four times on the Las Vegas strip after leaving the Tyson-Seldon boxing match.
• 1999 – A 5.9 magnitude earthquake rocks Athens, rupturing a previously unknown fault, killing 143, injuring more than 500, and leaving 50,000 people homeless.
• 2004 – Hurricane Ivan, a Category 5 hurricane hits Grenada, killing 39 and damaging 90% of its buildings.
• 2005 – First presidential election is held in Egypt.
• 2008 – The US Government takes control of the two largest mortgage financing companies in the US, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.